国际体育仲裁院普通仲裁程序的实体法律适用

Application of Substantive Laws of Ordinary Arbitration Procedure of CAS

国际体育仲裁院通常依据CAS Code第45条确定普通程序案件应适用的实体法律,该条将当事人意思自治置于优先地位,在当事人未选择国家法时替补适用瑞士法这一特定国家法,并吸收了国际商事仲裁中"依公平合理原则"裁决的内容。通过结合法律适用的一般原理和国际体育仲裁院的仲裁实践,从普通仲裁程序实体法律适用的依据、选择法律适用的主体、法律适用的范围、可适用法律之间的关系以及法律选择的方式5个方面展开讨论,在探析适用规律的同时,发现瑞士法的替补适用扩大到当事人对实体法律进行了选择,但该所选法律不足以解决争议的情形;"依公平合理原则"裁决的规定适用情况不明。这在一定程度上反映出国际体育仲裁院的法律适用依然存在立法与实践的衔接不全,也要求我们对于该问题的研究,应首先立足于体育仲裁实践,并以体育纠纷和体育仲裁的特殊性为导向,通过"规范——实践——规范"的模式探讨法律适用问题,为我国正确认识、评价和借鉴体育仲裁的法律适用机制奠定基础。

The Court of Arbitration for Sport generally determines the application of substantive laws of ordinary arbitration procedure according to R45 of CAS Code, R45 gives the party autonomy a priority, and rules Swiss law as the specific national law when the parties fail to have a choice of law and adopts the ex aequo et bono from general international commercial arbitration. The paper discussed five main aspects by connecting general law application principle and arbitration practice of CAS, they are the basis of application of substantive law, the choosing subject, scope, order and method of application of substan- tive laws in ordinary arbitration procedure, then finding that the application of Swiss law is not only subsidiarily when there is no choice of law by the parties, but be widened to the circumstance when the chosen law by the parties cannot be applied or can＇t solve the dispute totally; the application of ex aequo et bono lacks proper practice. These reveal that there still have problems between the rules and practice in application of law system of CAS arbitration, and also re- quire the study of application law should base on sports arbitration practice and particularities of sports disputes and sports arbitration, and take a pattern of ＂norm--practice--norm＂ in exploring law application problems, this can finally contribute to forming of our correct attitude towards law application system of sports arbitration.