建筑智能化系统的投资效益评价方法研究

Costs and Benefit Evaluation Method for Intelligent Building Systems

建筑智能化系统作为可持续建筑的一项重要技术措施,目前已越来越多地被应用到公共建筑中,对方便建筑的运维管理、实现节能均起到了一定作用。但目前智能化系统存在着各种各样的问题,使其运行状况远远低于预期,大量的实测数据表明,智能建筑并未显示出比普通建筑更节能的趋势,对建筑智能化系统的大量投入并没有起到应有的作用。因此需要对建筑智能化系统进行合理评价,科学地评价投资及其产生的效益,为建筑智能化系统的投资决策提供依据。本文分析了建筑智能化系统的初投资及运行维护过程中各项费用和产生的效益,提出一种建筑智能化系统的投资效益评价方法,重点对智能化系统带来的无形收益进行定量分析,采用层次分析法这一定量分析工具,确定建筑智能化系统的各项无形收益的指标权重。对建筑能耗相关的投入和产出的分析也是本方法的一个重点内容。最后将本文提出的投资效益评价方法在三个实际案例中进行了应用,验证了所提出的评价方法的有效性。

Intelligent building systems have been accepted as an important technology for sustainable buildings and are gradually being adopted in commercial buildings. They can benefit buildings through convenient operations,maintenance,and energy efficiency. However,field investigations show that the current intelligent building systems are functioning far from the expected performance levels,and the energy consumption of intelligent buildings tends to be higher than that of common buildings without intelligent systems. Therefore,it is necessary to realistically evaluate intelligent building systems and scientifically evaluate their costs and benefits. This paper proposes a cost and benefit evaluation method for intelligent building systems to synthetically evaluate all of the costs and benefits related to such systems. The proposed method places an emphasis on the qualitative evaluation of intangible benefits using the analytical hierarchy process method to determine the weights of each benefit. A building ＇s energy consumption is also taken as an emphasis to be considered in the proposed evaluation method. The method is applied in the evaluation of three actual buildings to verify its feasibility and effectiveness.