珠江三角洲水生态调节功能分析及其价值评价

Analysis and value assessment of water ecosystem regulation function in the Pearl River Delta

随着经济的飞速发展和人口的急剧增长,由于珠江三角洲水资源过度开发,导致水生态系统功能下降。在对水生态系统服务功能分类的基础上,提出了珠江三角洲水生态系统调节功能主要包括水文调节(洪水调蓄)、河流输沙、土壤保持、水质净化、水资源积蓄与调节、生物栖息地功能,应用替代工程法、替代花费法、机会成本法等,结合数据的可获得性,对珠江三角洲水生态调节功能进行评价。评价结果表明,珠江三角洲水生态系统调节功能总价值为179.07亿元,各种功能的价值量排序为水资源积蓄与调节>水质净化功能>生物栖息地功能>河流输沙功能>水文调节(洪水调蓄)>土壤保持功能,经进一步分析其核心功能是水资源积蓄与调节功能,因此,在河流管理中既要考虑发挥其核心功能,又要保证其他功能的支持作用得以实现。

With the rapid development of economy and population, the water resources in the Pearl River Delta are over-exploitation, and the function of the water ecosystem is decreased. Based on the classification of water ecosystem service function, the water ecosystem regulation function in the Pearl River Delta mainly includes hydrological adjustment （flood water storage）, river sediment transport, soil conservation, water purification, water resource savings and regulation, biological habitat function. By applying the alternative engineering method, alternative cost method, opportunity cost method and combining the data acquired, the water ecological regulation function in the Pearl River Delta was evaluated. The evaluation results showed that the total value of the water in the Pearl River Delta was 179.07x 108 Yuan. The values of various functions were ordered as water resource savings and regulation 〉 water purification functions 〉 biological habitat function 〉 river sediment transport function 〉 hydrological adjustment （flood water storage） 〉 soil conservation function; its core function was water resource savings and regulatory function. It also showed that water resource savings and regulation were among the most important regulation ecosystem function. For the river management strategy, we should consider the core function and ensure the realization the supporting role of other functions. Key words：