基肥对白桦(Betula platyphylla)幼苗生长影响的研究

Effect of Base Fertilizer on the Growth of Container Seedling of White Birth (Betula Platyphylla)

为了解决白桦容器育苗中的基质底肥问题,采用正交试验设计方法,通过増施不同剂量的尿素(N)、过磷酸钙(P)和硫酸钾(K)基肥试验,筛选适宜的白桦容器育苗基质增施基肥方案。当年生白桦播种苗苗高(H)、地径(D)和地上生物量(B)对増施N、P和K的反应均不相同。随着N和K的增加,H表现出初始增加随后降低的抛物线式变化趋势,而随着P增加,H表现出初始增加随后稳定的S型曲线变化趋势;适宜H增长的N、P、K配方分别为1.310 4、0.329 4、0.760 4 g/株。随着N、P和K的增加,D均表现出初始增加随后稳定的S型曲线变化趋势;适宜D增长的N、P和K配方分别为1.965 6、0.847 0和0.760 4 g/株。随着N增加,B表现出初始增加随后稳定的S型曲线变化趋势,而随着P和K增加,B表现出初始增加随后降低的抛物线式变化趋势;适宜B增长的N、P、K配方为1.9656、0.3294和0.7604g/株。综合来看,白桦容器育苗时可在育苗基质中添加N、P和K分别为1.310 4、0.329 4和0.760 4 g/株。

In order to determine the base fertilizer for container seedling of white birch（ Betula platyphylla Suk） , the optimal for-mula was constructed applying the method of orthogonal test design by fertilizing experiments of adding different dose of urea（N） , cal-cium superphosphate（ P） , and potassium sulfate（ K） to seeding matrix. The responses of annual seedling height（ H） , root - collar di-ameter （ D） and aboveground biomass （ B） to additive amount of N, P and K fertilizer were different. With the additive amount of N and K increasing, H was in a parabolic dune with an initial increasing trend and followed by a decreasing trend. With the P increasing, the amount of H showed an S type curve with initial increasing and later following by a constant trend. The optimal formula of N, P and K for container seedling height growth was 1. 3104, 0. 3294 and 0. 7604 g · stem^-1, respectively. With the element of N, P and K increasing, the D presented an S type curve trend of initial increase followed by a constant. The optimal formula of N, P and K for container seedling diameter growth was 1. 9656, 0. 8470 and 0. 7604 g · stem^-1, respectively. The changing trend of B was the initial increase followed by a constant with N increasing. But as P and K increase, the changing tendency of B showed the parabolic types of the initial increase followed by a decrease. The optimal formula of N, P and K for container seedling B growth was 1. 9656, 0. 3294 and 0. 7604 g · stem^-1, respectively. In summary, the optimal formula of N, P and K for container seedling was 1. 3104, 0. 3294 and 0. 7604 g · stem^-1, respectively.