库欣病患者认知障碍的研究进展

Advances in Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Cushing's Disease

库欣病(CD)主要是由于垂体促肾上腺皮质激素腺瘤或增生引起促肾上腺皮质激素分泌过多而引起皮质醇病理性升高的一种少见疾病。除典型临床症状如满月脸、水牛背、向心性肥胖等,CD患者还会出现精神症状及认知功能的下降。本文主要阐述CD患者的认知状态概况、高皮质醇水平引起认知障碍可能的机制及影像学尤其是磁共振成像对CD患者认知功能的研究。

Cushing＇s disease（ CD） is a relatively rare disease,characterized by pathological hypercortisolism secondary to excessive adrenocorticotrophic hormone that is secreted by pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone adenoma or hyperplasia. In addition to the typical clinical symptoms such as moon face,buffalo hump,and central obesity,the CD patients may also experience mental disorders and cognitive dysfunction. This review mainly focuses on the cognitive state of CD patients,the mechanisms of cognitive impairment caused by high cortisol levels,and the imaging findings（ especially magnetic resonance imaging） for the evaluation of cognitive functions.