再议《中原音韵》及相关韵书中宕江摄知庄章组阳声韵字的开合

On Kaihe of ZhiZhuangZhang Groups Yangsheng Rhyme Characters of Dangjiang She in Zhongyuan Yinyun and Relevant Rhyme Books

《中原音韵》中宕开三庄与江开二知庄组阳声韵字的拟音存在分歧。从觉药铎韵的去向看,《中原音韵》的基础方言应该限定在冀鲁和北京官话内,而在这两大方言区中很难看到宕开三庄、江开二知庄组阳声韵字读开口的情况。从文献看,早在宋朝的《四声等子》《切韵指掌图》就有明显的证据证明江开二知庄先于宕开三庄变为了合口呼。《蒙古字韵》《古今韵会举要》中仍有区别,说明宕开三庄仍处于"变合"过程中。明清时期的《重订司马温公等韵图经》《五方元音》《李氏音鉴》等韵书或韵图则多已合流且读合口呼。因此,《中原音韵》中宕开三庄与江开二知庄合流,也变为了合口呼。

Reconstraction of Zhuang group of Dangkaisan and Zhizhuang groups of Jiangkaier Yangsheng rhyme char-acters in Zhongyuan Yinyun have differences. The basis dialect of Zhongyuan Yinyun should be limited within Jilu and Beijing Mandarin from the pronunciation of JveYaoDuo rhyme. It,s hard to see Zhuang group of Dangkaisan and Zhizhuang groups of Jiangkaier characters read Hekou in these two Mandarins. View from the existing literature, Zhizhuang groups of Jiangkaier become Hekou Hu before Zhuang group of Dangkaisan in Sisheng Dengzi and Qieyun Zhizhang Tu of the Song Dynasty. They were still different in Menggu Ziyun and Gujin Yunhui Jvyao, which indicate that Zhuang group of Dangkaisan still in changing processes. Chongding Sima Wengong Dengyun Tujing,Wufang Yuanyin, Lishi Yinjian and so on of the Ming and Qing Dynasty have interflowed and changed into Hekou Hu. There-fore ,the article propose that Zhuang group of Dangkaisan and Zhizhuang groups of Jiangkaier characters in Zhongyuan Yinyun have interflowed and changed into Hekou Hu.