基于俯仰频率分集技术的波束形成方法

Beamforming with Vertical Frequency Diverse Array

传统频率分集阵列雷达在水平阵元间引入线性频率偏差,其波束在方位维与距离维具有耦合性,且存在栅瓣。针对此问题,该文提出一种基于俯仰频率分集技术的波束形成方法。首先建立俯仰频率分集阵列雷达信号模型,详细分析了发射方向图的时间依赖性和栅瓣特性。然后通过设计接收端的阵元参数,合成无栅瓣的发射-接收方向图。仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性,所得波束在距离维与方位维无耦合,且主瓣宽度较窄。

In most of the frequency diverse array radars, a small linear frequency offset is always applied across the horizontal array elements, generating a different beampattern with coupling between the azimuth dimension and range dimension. Moreover, the grating lobes also exist in the range dimension. To overcome this, a method of beamforming with the vertical frequency diverse array is proposed. Based on the radar signal model, the characteristics of the time dependence and grating lobes in the transmit pattern are analyzed. Then the transmit-receive pattern with no grating lobes is synthesized by designing the parameters of the receive elements. Simulations results show the validity of the proposed method. The synthesized pattern is range-dependent only, and also has the smaller beamwidth of the mainlobe.