某型飞机模型飞行试验地面滑跑控制研究

Research on ground taxiing of an aircraft model fight test

地面滑跑纠偏的目标是控制飞机沿跑道中心滑行,避免因发动机安装偏差、侧风扰动、跑道不平、飞机结构不对称等非理想特性,出现飞机滑出跑道的情况。首先建立飞机地面滑行动力学方程,并分析三轮、两轮滑跑阶段的受力情况,在此基础上设计了副翼、方向舵与前轮联动的控制策略。在Simulink平台上搭建飞机的地面滑跑全量非线性模型,仿真验证了纠偏控制律结构和逻辑的正确性。试验结果表明,滑跑纠偏控制系统空地状态切换平稳,在低速和高速阶段均具有良好的控制效果。

Many factors can result in the deviation of aircraft during the ground taxiing,such as the engine mounting deviation,crosswind disturbance,roughness of runway,structural asymmetry,etc. The purpose of offset-correction control is to keep the aircraft taxiing along the runway center. Firstly,the ground dynamic equation is given,and then stress analysis are studied both in three-wheel taxiing phase and twowheel taxiing phase. Secondly,a combined-control method using aileron,front-wheel and rudder is designed based on the previous theoretical analysis. Finally,the ground taxiing nonlinear model is established in the environment of Simulink,and the simulation is conducted to validate the control strategy.The flight test results have indicated that switching process of ground-air modes is smooth,and the deviation-correction control system has good performance at both low speed and high speed taxiing course.