维持性腹膜透析患者发生肺部感染的危险因素及病原学特点

Risk factors and etiological characteristics of pulmonary infection in stable peritoneal dialysis patients

目的探讨维持性腹膜透析患者发生肺部感染的危险因素及病原学特点。方法回顾性分析120例维持性腹膜透析患者的临床资料,比较肺部感染组和非感染组的临床特征,分析发生肺部感染的危险因素并观察肺部感染组的病原学特点。结果感染组年龄、心功能分级、患有糖尿病及脑血管疾病占比明显高于对照组,血红蛋白、血白蛋白明显低于对照组。感染组60例中痰培养阳性28例,其中革兰阴性菌14株(50%),革兰阳性菌11株(39.29%),真菌3株(10.71%)。结论高龄、贫血、低白蛋白血症、心功能分级高、患有糖尿病、脑血管事件是维持性腹膜透析患者发生肺部感染的独立危险因素;感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主。

Objective To investigate the risk factors and etiological characteristics of pulmonary infection in stable peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods Retrospectivly analyze 120 stable peritoneal dialysis patients＇ clinical data,compare the clinical features of pulmonary infection group and non infection group,analyze the risk factors of pulmonary infection and observe etiological characteristics of the pulmonary infection group.Results Age,cardiac function classification,diabetes mellitus and cerebral vascular disease of infection group were significantly higher than those in the control group.Emoglobin and serum albumin were significantly lower than those in the control group.Of 60 patients in infection group,28 are positive in sputum cultivation,14 strains of gram negative bacteria（50%）,11 strains of gram positive bacteria（39.29%）,and 3 strains of fungi（10.71%）.Conclusion Older age,anemia,low albumin, high grade of cardiac function,diabetes mellitus,cerebral vascular disease are independent risk factors of the pulmonary infection in stable peritoneal dialysis patients;gram negative bacteria were the main pathogen.