广东省2012年就业流动人口伤害发生影响因素分析

Risk factors related to injuries of employed floating population in Guangdong Province,2012

目的了解广东省就业流动人口伤害发生的主要影响因素,为流动人口伤害预防控制提供科学依据。方法采取按地区和行业分层的多阶段整群抽样方法,在全省范围内抽取国家级和省级调查点各6个,对抽取的制造业、批发零售业、住宿餐饮业、社会服务业、建筑业和其他行业的18岁及以上就业流动人口进行问卷调查,调查内容包括调查对象一般信息、伤害发生情况、就业环境因素、行为因素等,对可能影响流动人口伤害发生的相关因素进行单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果 4 035名调查对象中发生1次及以上伤害者262例,伤害发生率为6.5%,标化率为6.7%。男性伤害发生率(7.7%)高于女性(5.1%)(OR=1.610,P<0.01),未婚者伤害发生率(9.3%)高于已婚者(5.3%)(OR=1.537,P<0.01),无就业地城镇居民医疗保险者伤害发生率(6.8%)高于有城镇医保者(1.0%)(OR=6.540,P<0.01),生活压力大者伤害发生率(9.1%)高于生活压力一般或小者(5.4%)(OR=1.379,P<0.05),有中等强度身体活动者伤害发生率(9.5%)高于无身体活动者(5.2%)(OR=1.601,P<0.01),健康状况差者伤害发生率(17.1%)高于一般或好者(6.2%)(OR=2.460,P<0.01),认为伤害不可以预防者伤害发生率(12.4%)高于可以预防者(6.0%)(OR=2.140,P<0.01),步行时违反交通规则者伤害发生率(9.5%)高于从不违反者(5.3%)(OR=1.578,P<0.05),长时间疲劳工作者伤害发生率(8.6%)高于无疲劳工作者(5.5%)(OR=1.404,P<0.05),深圳(OR=15.013,P<0.01)、云浮(OR=9.580,P<0.01)、韶关(OR=7.920,P<0.01)、汕尾(OR=6.224,P<0.05)伤害发生率高于肇庆等地区。结论广东省不同行政地区就业流动人口发生伤害较为普遍,其主要影响因素包括性别、婚姻、健康状况、城镇医保、生活压力、身体活动强度、违反交通规则、长时间疲劳工作等。

Objective To explore main risk factors related to injuries occurred in the employed floating population in Guangdong Province so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention of the injuries in the population. Methods Six national and six provincial survey points were selected from the whole province by applying multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. A questionnaire survey was conducted among the employed floating population aged 18 years and over, and engaged in manufacturing, wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering services, social services, construction, and other industries. The survey content included the general information, injury occurrence, and factors of working environment and behaviors. Univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regressions were used to analyze the related factors possibly affecting the iniuries. Results Of 4 035 participants. 262 experienced one or more iniu-ties, with an injury rate of 6.5% and a standardized rate of 6.7%. The injury rate of males （7.7%） was higher than that of females （5.1% ） （ OR = 1. 610, P 〈 0.01 ） ; the injury rate of the unmarried （9.3%）, higher than that of the married （5.3%） （ OR = 1. 537, P 〈 0.01 ） ; the injury rate of the persons without medical insurance in their employment areas （6.8%）, higher than that of those with medical insurance （1.0%） （OR = 6. 540, P 〈 0.01 ）; the injury rate of individuals with great life stress （9. 1% ）, much higher than that with general or small life stress （5.4%） （ OR -- 1. 379, P 〈0.05 ） ; the injury rate of per- sons with moderate physical activity （9.5%）, higher than that of those without physical activities （5.2%） （ OR = 1. 601, P 〈0.01 ） ; the injury rate of the persons with poor health status （ 17.1% ）, much higher than that with good health （6.2%） （ OR =2. 460, P 〈0.01 ） ; the injury rate of those who thought that in- juries could not be prevented （ 12.4% ）, higher than those who considered that injuries could be prevented （6.0%） （OR =2. 140, P 〈0.01 ）; the injury rate of whose who violated the traffic rules when walking （9.5%）, higher than those who obeyed the traffic rules （5.3%） （ OR = 1. 578, P 〈 0.05 ） ; the injury rate of persons with fatigue due to long working hours （ 8.6% ）, higher than those without work fatigue （5.5%） （OR=l.404, P〈0.05）. The injury rates in Shenzhen （ OR =15. 013 , P 〈 0. 01） , Yunfu （ OR =9.580, P〈0.01）, Shaoguan （0R=7.920, P〈0.01）, and Shanwei （0R=6.224, P〈0.05） were much higher than those in Zhaoqing and other regions of Guangdong Province. Conclusion Injuries com- monly occurred in different administrative regions of Guangdong Province, and the risk factors included sex, marriage, health status, medical insurance, life stress, the intensity of physical activity, violating traffic rules, and fatigue due to long working hours.