利益平衡视角下我国督促程序之保障机制研究

The Research on Guaranteeing Mechanism for Supervising Procedure under the Balance of Interests

我国督促程序在制度设计上对债权人和债务人利益保护的不均衡导致了在司法实践中督促程序适用率低下。从当事人之间利益平衡的司法正义观出发,须从债权人释明义务的构建、保全程序适用的可能性以及在明确生效支付令具有既判力的基础上,构建债务人提起再审以及案外第三人提起第三人撤销之诉等程序保障机制入手,完善我国督促程序的程序保障机制,从而充分发挥督促程序的制度设计目的,实现新的变革。

The main reason of the low rate of our supervising procedure＇ s applicability is that the application review of the order of payment is unreasonable. From the judicial concept of justice of the balance of interests between the parties, the change of- the supervising procedure should be as follows ： the necessity of creditors＇ interpretation obligation, the possibility application of preservation procedures, thus promoting the order of payment objection of the debtor＇ s formal examination becoming ＂substantive＂. Eventually, on the basis of clarifying that the effective order of payment has res judicata, we shall build a relief mechanism for the debtor to file a retrial litigation, and bestowing the right to file a third person revocation for the third person outside the case, so that we can maximize the purpose of the supervising procedure, and finally achieve its new development.