日本“行政性串通投标”行为规制研究

Study on Japan's Regulation of “Administrative Bid-Rigging Behavior”

行政性串通投标是串通投标行为的一种形式,是有关人员借助行政势力,不当介入招投标市场引发的限制竞争行为。这样的行为不仅违反了招投标法律制度,也违反了反垄断法和行政法甚至刑法。近年来,随着我国招投标制度的广泛应用,招投标违法手段不断翻新,违法行为也越来越隐蔽,公共权力干预招投标活动等问题层出不穷。如何全面、深入地解决行政性串通投标成为一个迫切问题。反垄断法作为经济宪法,在规制限制竞争行为方面是最基础的法律,特别是我国有对行政垄断的原则性规定,更是其他国家反垄断制度所没有的优势。我们应当更好地利用这一立法优势,借鉴其他国家的经验,扩大行政垄断的适用范围,在《反垄断法》中或以其配套法规的形式针对"行政性串通投标行为"作出更全面、更严格的规定,增加《反垄断法》的威慑力,以利于遏制违法行为的发生,同时也避免政出多门、执法重叠等问题的发生,达到维护公平、公正、公开的市场竞争秩序的目的。

Administrative bid-rigging is a form of bid-rigging behaviors. Persons with administrative powers involved in the bidding markets improperly cause the restrictive competition actions. Such behaviors violate not only the tendering and bidding law, but also the anti-monopoly law and administrative law, even the criminal law. In recent years, with the extensive application of bidding system, the illegal bidding means are ever- changing and become more elusive. Some officials meddle in the bidding markets casually. How to solve the administrative bid-rigging problem fully and deeply becomes a pressing issue. As an economic constitution, the anti-monopoly law is the most basic law for the restrictive competition actions. Especially, we have the advantage for the terms of administrative monopoly, which can be used for the administrative bid-rigging regulation. In order to contain illegal acts, avoid policies from different departments, enforcement overlap and other issues, we should expand the scope of administrative monopoly or make its supporting regulations for the ＂administrative bid-rigging act＂ more fully and strictly. So that we can increase the deterrent force of the Anti- monopoly Law and maintain a fair, equitable and open competitive market order.