葡萄糖酸钠发酵废弃菌丝体提取壳聚糖的研究

Extraction of chitosan from wasted mycelium of sodium gluconate fermentation

以产葡萄糖酸钠的废弃菌丝体为原料,探究了从废弃黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)菌丝体提取壳聚糖的工艺条件。对废弃菌丝体进行了各组分分析后,在单因素的基础上对提取工艺进行优化,得出了碱法提取壳聚糖的最佳优化条件:料液比为1∶30(g∶mL),6%NaOH处理2 h,反应温度为95℃时,菌体蛋白去除率达到77.26%;碱(NaOH)浓度为30%,处理温度为120℃,脱蛋白处理后样品采用重复碱处理的方式脱乙酰,样品分两次重复用30%NaOH溶液在120℃下各处理1 h,得到壳聚糖的脱乙酰度为78.85%,壳聚糖得率为10.53%;后续用12%醋酸纯化处理,得到脱乙酰度为84.49%的壳聚糖,得率为9.56%。

Using sodium gluconate-producing mycelium as raw material, the extraction process conditions of chitosan from waste Aspergillus niger mycelium were researched. After analysis of components of waste mycelium, on the basis of single factor, the extraction process conditions were optimized. The optimum conditions of alkali extraction of chitosan were solid-liquid ratio 1∶30 （g∶ml）, 6% NaOH treatment 2 h, reaction temperature 95 ℃, fungal protein removal rate was up to 77.26%. Strong alkali （NaOH） concentration was 30%, processing temperature was 120 ℃, after deproteinization, samples were deacylated by repeated alkali treatment. The samples were treated with 30% NaOH solution at 120 ℃ for 1 h in twice, and the deacelation degree of chitosan was 78.85%, chitosan yield was 10.53%. Following purification processing with 12% acetic acid, the deacelation degree of chitosan was 84.49%, chitosan yield was 9.56%.