四十年来生物高考的历程、特点与展望

History,Features and Prospects of Biology College Entrance Examination in the Past 40 Years

从1977年恢复高考迄今,生物高考经历了恢复与发展、调整、综合试验和相对稳定四个阶段。考试目标逐渐清晰、明确并且多元化,在强调对知识理解和运用的同时,探究能力、创新能力和批判性思维能力也得到一定程度的关注。试卷结构包括题型、难度和分值也在变化中趋向合理。生物高考对高校选拔人才、中学生物学教学、社会公平的实现起到了非常积极的作用。

Biology has been involved in college entrance examination for more than 30 years since the examination resumption in 1977. Biology of college entrance examination has experienced four stages which are restoration and development, adjustment, comprehensive trials and relatively stability. Examination objective has gradually be clear, specific and diversified, and it emphasizes understanding or applying knowledge as well as inquiring ability, creativity and critical thinking skills. Test structure of question type, the difficulty and score has tended to be reasonable. Biology of college entrance examination has played a very active role in talents selection for colleges and universities, biology education in secondary schools and the realization of social equity.