“语义三分论”:解开情态“不和谐”与评价意义“不和谐”现象的钥匙

Semantic Tripartition Theory: Effectiveness in Explaining “Modal Disharmony” and “Appraisal Disharmony”

对于情态"不和谐"和相应的评价意义"不和谐"现象,我们可以用"语义三分论"来释解。"语义三分论"把句子语义析解为"指示"、"语气"和"意图"等三个语义因子,后两者独立运作,各自接受情态化限定。虽然一个句子中可能出现量值不同的情态化表达式,但由于它们分别作用于不同的语义因子,因此这种表面的情态"不和谐"现象并不会构成语义矛盾,而与情态相联系的评价意义的"不和谐"现象也得到合理的释解。

Modal disharmony and appraisal disharmony can be accounted for with semantic tripartition theory, which proposesthat the meaning of a sentence can be analyzed into three components ： the phrastic, the tropic, and the neustic. The tropicand the neustic operate independently and have their own qualifications. Though modal expressions of different modal valuesmay exist in a single sentence, they don＇t cause real semantic disharmony or contradiction as they qualify different semanticoperators （either the phrastic or the neustic）. Thus no disharmony of appraisals is realized by modal expressions.