石油工人职业任务状况对高血压发病的影响研究

Study on the impact of occupational task status of petroleum workers on hypertension

目的探讨石油工人职业任务状况及其对高血压发病的影响。方法以新疆某石油管理局中参与2013、2014年度体检并参与职业紧张调查的石油工人为对象,进行为期2年的队列研究,使用职业紧张量表(OSIR)中的职业任务问卷和一般情况问卷组成的调查表对石油工人统一进行问卷调查,由专业人员对血压值等指标进行现场测量。调查进入队列的1 354名工人职业任务和高血压发病状况。结果随访结束时高血压累计发病率为17.1%;除任务不适和责任感外,石油工人与国内常模在职业任务其他项目的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与基线队列相比,除工作环境外,队列结束时职业任务得分均有上升(P<0.05);男性工人得分高于女性(P<0.05),年龄<35岁者得分高于35~45岁者(P<0.05);职业任务重度、中度和轻度组间高血压发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);年龄增加、吸烟饮酒史、超重和肥胖是高血压发病的危险因素(P<0.05);与职业任务轻度组比较,职业任务重度组发生高血压风险比为1.562(1.072~2.277)。结论石油工人职业任务相比于其他人群较重,高血压发病风险随职业任务加重上升,职业任务过重是高血压发生的危险因素。

Objective To explore the occupational status of the oil workers and the impact on the incidence of hypertension.Methods A 2-year cohort study was conducted on oil workers participating in the 2013 and 2014 physical examinations and occupational stress questionnair survey by Xinjiang Petroleum Admin-istration Bureau.Questionnaire survey of occupational tasks and general situation questions in occupational stress scale were used to carry on oil workers.By field measurements on blood pressure values and other indicators,1354 workers were enrolled in the cohort and the incidence of hypertension was investigated. Results The cumulative incidence of hypertension at the end of follow-up was 17.1%;the occupational task score of oil workers was （172.92±30.32）,which was significantly higher than that of domestic aver-age levels （P〈0.05）;compared with the baseline,the occupational task scores increased at the end of the cohort （P 〈0.05）;male workers scored higher than women （P 〈0.05）,age 〈35 year-old group scored higher than those aged〉 35 year-old group （P〈0.05）;the incidence of hypertension was statistically sig-nificant （P 〈0.05）in different occupational intensity groups;age,smoking and drinking history,body mass index were risk factors for hypertension （P 〈0.05）;compared with the lighter occupational group, the occupational risk ratio of hypertension was 1.562 （1.072-2.277）.Conclusion The occupational task of the oil workers was heavier than that of the other groups.The incidence of hypertension increased with the＆amp;nbsp;increase in occupational tasks.The overweight of occupational tasks was a risk factor of hypertension.