新兵应对方式、情绪智力和积极心理品质与事件影响的关系研究

The relationship among trait coping styles, emotional intelligence, positive mental characters and impact of event in Chinese recruits

目的调查特质应对方式、情绪智力、积极心理品质与部队新兵受到压力事件影响的关系。 方法运用特质应对方式问卷、Schutte＇s情绪智力量表、新兵积极心理品质评估问卷和事件影响量表修订版对南方某部2014年秋季入伍的1 837名男性新兵进行问卷调查。以事件影响量表修订版总分≥35分为筛查标准，将新兵分为压力组和对照组。采用独立样本t检验、Pearson积差相关分析和多元逐步回归分析对数据进行处理。 结果检出148人（8.1%）受到压力事件的影响，从无压力感的新兵中按年龄、受教育程度等一般人口学特征分层随机抽取163人作为对照组。除了情绪运用和智慧之外，压力组和对照组新兵在特质应对方式、情绪智力量表和积极心理品质问卷的各个维度和总分上差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。多元逐步回归分析发现，在压力组新兵中，消极应对、情绪调节和智慧进入事件影响压力总分的回归方程（F=13.395，R2=0.218，P〈0.05）；在对照组新兵中，消极应对进入事件影响压力总分的回归方程（F=22.887 ，R2=0.155 ，P〈0.05）。 结论特质应对方式、情绪智力和积极心理品质能有效对新兵所受到的压力事件的影响进行预测，能为部队的新兵心理服务工作提供理论依据。

ObjectiveTo investigate the trait coping styles, emotional intelligence, positive mental characters and the impact of event among Chinese recruits, and the relationship among them. MethodsThe Trait Coping Style Questionnaire （TCSQ）, Schutte＇s Emotional Intelligence Scale （SSEIS）, Positive Mental Characters Scale for Recruits （PMCS-R）, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised （IES-R） were used to assess the coping styles, emotional intelligence, positive mental characters and the impact of event in 1 837 male recruits that were divided into two groups （stress group and control group） by considering the scores of the IES-R as the screening criteria （≥35）. The data were analyzed by t test, correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis. ResultsTotally 148 （8.1%） male recruits with stress were screened, and 163 male recruits without stress were selected using stratified random sampling according to demographic characteristics of age, education level and so on. There were significant differences between stress and control groups in the scores of TCSQ, SSEIS and PMCS-R except utilization of emotions and wisdom. Multiple stepwise regression analyses showed that the negative coping, regulation of emotion and wisdom entered the regression equation of the total score of IES-R in the stress group （F=13.395, R2=0.218, P〈0.05）. However, in the control group, only negative coping came into the equation of the total score of IES-R （F= 22.887, R2=0.155, P〈0.05）. ConclusionTrait coping styles, emotional intelligence and positive mental characters can predict the impact of stress event among recruits effectively, which could provide theoretical basis for the mental health service in recruits.