不同过磷酸钙添加量对蔬菜废弃物堆肥的影响

Effects of Different Addition Amounts of Superphosphate on Vegetable Waste Compost

试验研究了不同过磷酸钙添加量对蔬菜废弃物堆肥腐熟进程的影响。结果表明,添加过磷酸钙能够提高堆体温度,其中添加量为堆肥物料干重10.26%时的最高温度值最高,为64.33℃。堆肥结束时,添加过磷酸钙对各堆肥处理的C/N值无显著影响,但降低了堆肥物料的pH值,提高了电导率,其中添加量介于物料干重4.10%和10.26%时的EC值显著高于CK处理(P<0.01);添加量低于物料干重10.26%时的GI值均显著高于CK处理(P<0.01),其中添加量为物料干重2.05%(S5处理)时的值最大,为105.61%。添加过磷酸钙显著降低了堆肥的氮素损失率(P<0.05),其中添加量为物料干重2.05%时的氮素损失率最低,仅为23.94%,且此添加量下的产投比最大,为3.93。本试验条件下,添加过磷酸钙可显著提高堆肥腐熟度,显著降低堆肥物料的氮素损失率,其适宜添加量为物料干重的2.05%。

The effects of different addition amounts of superphosphate on vegetable waste compost were studied. Results showed that, addition of superphosphate improved the temperature during the compost. It had the highest temperature of 64.33 ℃, when the addition quantity of su- perphosphate was 10.26% of dry matter weight. At the end of the eomposting, adding superphosphate had no significant effect on C/N, howev- er, it decreased pH and improved the EC of the compost. The EC values were significantly higher than CK, when the addition amount was be- tween 4.10% and 10.26% of dry matter weight. When the addition below 10.26%, the GI values were significantly higher than CK（P〈0.01 ）, and the highest value was 105.61%, when the addition was 2.05%（S5 ）. Adding superphosphate significandy reduced the nitrogen loss rate of composting（P〈0.05 ）, and the lowest was 23.94%, when the addition was 2.05%, meanwhile, the input-output ratio was 3.93, which was the highest value. Under this experimental condition, adding superphosphate promoted the compost maturity significantly, reduced the nitrogen loss rate, and the optimal addition of supevphosphate was 2.05% of dry matter weight.