陕西农村基层公共卫生机构人力资源配置评价

Study on Evaluation of Human Resources of Grassroots Public Health Agencies in Rural Areas of Shaanxi

在国家新一轮医疗卫生体制改革的推进下,我国公共医疗卫生条件,特别是农村基层公共卫生条件有了显著改善,但仍面临卫生人力资源缺乏、医疗技术水平低下的现实情况。以陕西省省内乡村卫生室为切入点和研究样本,按照《国务院办公厅关于进一步加强乡村医生队伍建设的实施意见》等国家要求的卫生资源配置底线要求,通过绘制区域卫生资源配置的洛伦兹曲线,测算基层卫生资源配置的基尼系数,以此评价该区域资源配置的效率。评价结果显示:陕西省农村基层公共卫生资源总量达到国家乡村医生队伍建设的最低标准,配置相对科学合理;但其所达到的仅为最低标准,结合全省人口增长趋势及"全面二孩"政策的放开,当前的基层公共卫生资源配置依旧存在压力和挑战。因此应提升基层卫生人力资源配置的"质"与"量",形成基层公共卫生人力资源培养最优路径,以充分发挥西部农村地区基层公共卫生机构的作用。

With the advancement of a new round of health system reform, China＇s public health and medical service conditions, healthcare conditions of villages at grass-roots level in particular, have witnessed significant improvements. However, China is still faced with the reality of the shortage of medical personnel and low level of medical technology. This essay took Shaanxi Province as an example and village clinics as the entry point. The Gi ni coefficient of the resource allocation at grass-roots levels in Shaanxi was calculated so as to evaluate the effective- ness of resource allocation. Based on the preceding results, the author aimed at putting forward some suggestions on improving the human resource allocation of medical personnel at grass-roots levels in Shaanxi at both quality and quantity. In addition, the author intended to set a model for the cultivation of grass-roots public medical personnel and provide references to the sound operation of grass-roots public health institutions in Western rural areas.