农业面源污染排污权交易制度的设计与创新

Design and Innovation of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Emission Trading System

农业面源污染相对于工业点源污染的治理来说交易成本高、涉及个体多、受自然条件影响大,减排效果难以量化。借鉴点源污染排污权交易理论,构建适合我国的新型农业面源污染排污权交易制度体系,提出应建立区域农户合作组织,发展有机农业,杜绝滥用化肥农药,积极引导工业点源治理企业参与面源污染治理并合理分配初始化交易比例,最终形成政府适当引导下农户有组织参与的市场化运作的面源污染排污权交易制度。

Compared to the industrial point source pollution control, the agricultural non-point source pollution control has the characters of high-cost transaction, involving more individuals, more easily affected by the natural conditions, and being difficult to quantify the reduction effect. From the point source pollution emission trading theory, the construction of China＇s new agricultural non-point source pollution emission trading system, we should establish ＂regional farmers＇ cooperative organizations＂, to vigorously promote the development of organic agricul- ture, to prevent abuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and actively guide enterprises to participate in the gov- ernance of industrial point source pollution and reasonable distribution of initialization transaction the proportion, and finally form a market-operating non-point source pollution emission rights trading system with farmers to par- ticipate in through organization under the guidance of the government.