学龄前期与大龄腭裂患者术前辅音构音位置特点的比较研究

A comparative study on the consonant articulation place of preschool and older patients with cleft palate

目的通过对腭裂患者术前辅音状况的主观判听,对比分析学龄前期与大龄腭裂患者术前辅音构音特点,为其术后语音治疗提供更为明确的治疗方案方法将腭裂患者按照年龄分为学龄前组(4~7岁)和大龄(8~18岁)各40例,利用主观判听对音节、词组和句子进行判听评估,交叉对比分析在不同构音位置上辅音的正确率、错误类型的发生率有无差异。结果两组腭裂患者在舌尖音、舌面音、舌根音、双唇音及唇齿音的发音正确率上均有差异;除舌根音,两组腭裂患者的代偿错误率在其他构音位置均无差异;两组腭裂患者在舌尖音、舌面音及舌根音的构音位置上,省略错误率均有差异,而在双唇音及唇齿音上无差异。结论学龄前期与大龄腭裂患者术前的辅音发音情况在不同构音位置的正确率与构音障碍的发生率上存在差异,因此对预测术后的语音状况恢复有指导性作用,在进行术后语音训练时,有目的地制定不同的训练计划,使患者得到更有针对性语音训练。

Objective Cooperating with two experienced speech pathologists to compare the consonant articulation place of preschool and older patients with a cleft palate can improve current therapeutic techniques. Methods A total of 40 preschool and 40 older patients with cleft palate were collected. Their consonants and sentence construction were examined. A cross-over analysis the differences in the accuracy and the rate of misarticulation on different articulation place was obtained. Results Differences on accuracy in the alveolar, palatal, labial, labiodentals, and velar regions were observed. No differences were observed in compensatory misarticulation except in the velar area. Differences in omission misarticulation in alveolar, palatal and velar regions were also observed. Conclusion Differences exist in the accuracy and the rate of misarticulation on different articulation places between two groups. We can use the results of this study to plan a speech situation before the operation and create the personal training plan for after the operation.