白假丝酵母菌与龋病的相关性及其致龋机制

Saccharomyces albicans: its dental caries correlation and mechanism

白假丝酵母菌是一种革兰阳性真菌微生物,广泛存在于健康人的上呼吸道、肠道和阴道中,当其与宿主处于共生状态时不会引起疾病,反之则由酵母相转化为菌丝相,导致口腔黏膜感染,引起口腔龋坏病变。在龋病患者的口腔生物膜上,变异链球菌和白假丝酵母菌之间可能存在某种互动关系并介导龋病的发展。白假丝酵母菌可与格氏链球菌紧密地黏附在一起,即格氏链球菌细胞壁表面的多糖是白假丝酵母菌黏附的受体之一。格氏链球菌可缓解群体感应机制对白假丝酵母菌菌丝相形成和生物膜生长的抑制作用,从而增加菌斑生物膜的量。本文就白假丝酵母菌,白假丝酵母菌与龋病的相关性,白假丝酵母菌与变异链球菌、格氏链球菌和其他口腔细菌相互作用参与龋病的发生发展的可能机制等研究进展作一综述,旨在为以后的临床研究提供思路和参考。

Saccharomyces albieans（S, albicans） is a Gram-positive fungus and widely exists in the upper respiratory tract, intestinal canal, and vagina of healthy people. S, albicans does not cause diseases in a state of symbiosis with the host. The ability of S. albicans to switch its morphotype from yeast to hyphal forms contributes to its pathogenesis and leads to oral mucosa infection and dental caries. In oral biofilms of caries-affected people, an interaction may exist between S. albicans and Streptococcus mutans（S, mutans） leading to the development of dental caries. S. albicans tends to adhere tightly to Streptococcus gordonii（S, gordonii）, that is, a polysaccharide existing on the surface of the cell wall of S. gordonii is one of the adhesion receptors of S. albicans. S. gordonii can alleviate the inhibition effect of quorum-sensing mechanism on hyphae formation and biofilm development of S. albicans, thereby increasing the biomass. This review focused on S. albicans, the correlation of S. albicans and dental caries, and the research progress on the possible specific mechanism involved in the occurrence and development of dental caries caused by the interactions of S. albicans, together with S. mutans, S. gordonii, and other oral bacteria. This study aims to provide ideas and references for future clinical research.