模块化便拆盲装泛配型手术刀柄的研制

Development of modular,easy-disassemble,blind-assemble and universal scalpel handle

目的:为克服临床上普配的单柄制式金属手术刀(冷刀)大、小2个系列的手术刀片及刀柄不通用、功能局限、拆卸刀片稍不便、易发生锐器伤的隐患等不足,适应应急卫勤保障需要,人机化、通用化设计模块化便拆盲装泛配型手术刀柄。方法:以国标(GB)、国军标(GJB)为标准,采用车钻、刨铣、镗削、冲压、抛光、倒角、滚花及电火花或激光穿孔等工艺,选用斜坡、斜孔、斜槽,沙漏形、葫芦形、阶梯形,翻转块、回转钩及叠影、镂空等人机化结构,特设共槽刀架、锯剥器、骨锉尺、纫针器、钢丝旋理器、通用量具及旋具,制成集十余种矫外术械功能于一体的手术刀柄通用化部件模块并验证应用。结果:该刀柄相较于普通刀柄安全通用、左右利手、便捷高效、事半功倍,达到了设计目标。结论:该刀柄具有普适泛配、无择向性、拆装便捷、操控安全、携储两便及性价比高的特性,且平战皆宜,有助于减少人因失误、落实国际医疗卫生机构认证联合委员会(Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organization,JCAHO,简称"JCI")标准及实现患者安全目标,提升手术功效、预防锐器伤并降低职业伤害风险。

Objective To design a modular, easy-disassemble, blind-assemble and universal scalpel handle to eliminatethe deficiencies of clinical commonly-settedstandard single-handle metal scalpel （cold scalpel） in compatibility, function, disassemble and high risk for sharp instrument injury, which behaves well in versatility and ergonomics to meet the requirements of emergency medical support. Methods According to the national standard （GB）,national military standard （GJB）, the handle was manufactured with the techniques of lathe and drill machining, milling, boringcut, stamping, polishing, edgerounding, knurling, electric spark drilling, laser beam perforation and etc. Such structures were involved in the handle as the ones of slope, obliqueaperture, chute, sandelock, hourglass, stepping, turning block, rotaryhook, foldover, hollow-out and etc. The handle was equipped with the scalpel rack with shared slot, bone sawing and dissecting device, bone file ruler, needle threading device, steel wire handler, universal measuring tool and screwdriver and etc, which integrated the functions of muhiorthotic instruments and was applied for verification. Results The handle proved to be have well in safety, versatility, convenience for both right and left hands, easy operation and high efficiency, and met the desired requirements. Conclusion The handle gains advantages in versatility, nondirectivity, convenientassemble and disassemble, safeoperation, easy carrying and storage aswellashigh ratio of performance to price, and can be used for reducing human error, the implementation of Joint Commission on Accreditation of Heahhcare Organization （JCI） certification standards and achieving the goals of patient safety, enhancing oPeration efficiency, preventing sharp instrument injury and decreasing vocational hazard at wartime and peacetime.