不同型式斜坡堤弧形胸墙波浪压力的试验研究

Experimental research of wave pressures on different sloping breakwater arc crest walls

本研究设计前仰式、深弧式和后仰式3种弧形胸墙以及直立式胸墙进行物理模型试验,通过安装在胸墙迎浪面上的压力传感器测量所受波浪压力,讨论不同型式斜坡堤弧形胸墙迎浪面所受波浪压力的分布规律及其影响因素。试验结果表明:弧形胸墙迎浪面所受波浪压力随着测点高程的增大呈现振荡减小的变化趋势,最大值出现在弧顶处。随着入射波周期的增大呈现先增大后减小再增大的变化趋势。相同波浪要素条件下,斜坡堤弧形胸墙波浪压力大于直立式胸墙波浪压力;而在斜坡堤弧形胸墙中,后仰式胸墙波浪压力较前仰式和深弧式的大。

This study designs four crest walls, including forward-incline-arc type, upright-arc type, backward-incline-arc type and vertical type to carry out the physical model experiment and discuss the distribution and influence factors of wave pressures based on the pressure measurements on the seaward side of the crest wall. The experimental results show that the wave pressure on the are crest wall decreases oscillatorily with the increase of the measuring elevation and the maximum occurs at the circular arc roof. The wave pressure firstly increases and then decreases and finally increases again with the increase of wave period. For the same wave condition, the wave pressure on the arc crest wall is bigger than that on the vertical crest wall. And among the arc crest walls, the wave pressure on the backward-incline-arc crest wall is bigger than that on the forward-incline-arc and upright-are crest walls.