植物生态适应性特征及关键种选择研究进展

Research Progress in Characteristics of Plant Ecological Adaptability and Selection of Keynote Species

植物对生境特征的适应是其存活和定居的关键。植被适应性修复研究是退化生态系统修复的前提之一,已经引起科学家们的广泛关注。文中综述了植物生态适应性研究,主要有叶片生理生态特性、解剖结构和根系构型、生态学特征等,但这些研究少有辅助关键树种选择和植物群落结构调控;进一步分析了关键树种选择技术,主要包含与立地条件、生态因子的适应性和种间关系的和谐。为了提高退化生态系统适应性修复水平,未来需要加强以下3个方面的工作:划分树种适应性功能群,综合考虑光、温、肥与水的耦合作用关系,根系构型调控研究。

The habitat adaptation of plants is the key to their survival and colonization, and the study ofadaptive vegetation restoration is one of the prerequisites to restore degraded ecosystem, which has attractedwide attention from scientists. This paper summarized the research of plant ecological adaptability, whichincludes physiological and ecological characteristics of leaves, anatomical structure and root architecture,and ecology characteristics, but these researches have seldom touched on keynote species selection andregulation of plant community structure. The paper further analyzed the keynote species selection techniques,mainly around site condition, the adaptability of ecological factors, and the harmonious relations betweenspecies. In order to improve the level of adaptive restoration of degraded ecosystem, the following threeaspects should be strengthened in the future： dividing the functional groups of species adaptability,considering comprehensively the coupling relation between light, temperature, fertilizer and water, the studyon root system configuration control.