论高等学校中的学术权力

Academic Power in Higher Education Institutions

学术权力是指高等学校中的学术共同体享有的管理高等学校内部各项学术事务的权力,这是一种为了使得高等学校实现其社会功能,保证高等学校中的教育、学习和研究活动的创造性而设置的一项公共权力。学术权力的主体是高等学校中依章程成立的各级各类学术组织,学术权力的客体主要是各类学术事务以及与学术事务相关的各类事务,学术权力的内容包括审议权、评定权、咨询权、裁决权。当前高等学校落实学术权力所存在的干扰和问题应通过改革学校的行政化倾向、消除内部的管理主义、加强学术共同体成员的自主和自治管理等途径,为学术权力的实现提供制度保障。

Academic power refers to the power of academic communities to manage internal academic affairs in higher education institutions. It is a public power set to make the colleges and universities achieve their social function, and ensure the creativity and innovation in teaching, learning and researching activi- ties. As to the academic power, the subjects are academic organizations at different levels set up by the statutes of the higher education institutions; the objects incorporate mainly academic affairs as well as oth- er affairs related to academic affairs; and the content comprises the deliberative power, the right to evalua- tion, advisory and adjudication. However, there are still interferences and problems in the implementation of the academic power. The settlement of these problems needs a reform of the administrative orientation, elimination of internal managerialism and enhancement of the autonomy and self--governance of the mem- bers in academic communities to provide institutional guarantee to the implementation of academic power.