拓扑相变与物质拓扑相的理论发现——2016年度诺贝尔物理学奖成果简介

Theoretical discoveries of topological phase transition and topological phases of matter:The 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics

美国物理学家索利斯(David J.Thouless)、霍尔丹(F.Duncan M.Haldane)、科斯德里茨(J.Michael Kosterlitz)因"关于拓扑相变和物质拓扑相的理论发现"获得2016年度诺贝尔物理学奖。介绍了这3位诺贝尔物理学奖获得者的学术经历,并从拓扑与拓扑相变、量子霍尔效应中的拓扑、1维量子反铁磁与对称性保护的拓扑态等方面探析拓扑相变和物质拓扑相理论发现的科学意义。

The 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to David J. Thouless, F. Duncan M. Haldane and J. Michael Kosterlitz for their theoretical discoveries of topological phase transition and topological phases of matter. This article introduces their research experiences and describes the awarded achievements, as well as the scientific background and later development, from the aspects of topology and topological phase transitions, topology in quantum Hall effect, one dimensional antiferrom agnet and symmetry-protected topological states.