改进两步移动搜索法的焦作公共交通可达性

Accessibility of public transportation based on the enhanced 2SFCA algorithm of Jiaozuo

针对大部分城市公交发展滞后、公交站点和公交线路供需不平衡等问题,该文采用统计数据与实调数据相结合的方式,利用两步移动搜索法,从供需的角度研究分析城区公交站点服务的空间可达性。以河南省焦作市为例,以城区街道办为基本研究单元,分别采用固定阈值的简单两步移动搜索法和基于实测数据拟合的增强两步移动搜索法,对焦作市公交设施可达性的空间布局和差异性进行研究。实验结果表明:焦作市城区公交站点服务可达性整体上比较差;城区公共交通资源发展不平衡,空间差异比较明显,公交站点供需相对平衡区域主要集中在城区中心城区,低值区主要集中在城区边缘;增强两步移动搜索法考虑了距离衰减对人们公交出行的影响,更能反映焦作市真实的公交状况。

Aiming at the delay of bus development and the supply and demand imbalance between bus stations and bus line,this paper analyzed the spatial accessibility of urban bus station service by using two-step floating catchment area method combined with statistics and survey data.Taking Jiaozuo city as an example and with the urban street as basic unit,this paper used the basic two-step floating catchment area method（2SFCA）featured with fixed threshold and its enhanced method（E2SFCA）based on the fitting of measured data independently to study the spatial distribution and difference of the accessibility of public transportation facilities.The results concludes as follows：the accessibility of bus station service in Jiaozuo is relatively weak;urban public transport resources development is not balanced and the spatial difference is obvious;the relative balance of bus station supply and demand is mainly concentrated in the city center while low value areas are mainly the marginal area;the E2 SFCA method took the influence of distance attenuation on the public bus trip into consideration and reflected the real traffic situation of Jiaozuo city.