新生大鼠单侧基底核出血对远期行为发育的影响

Effect of unilateral basal ganglia hemorrhage on long - term behavioral development of neonatal rats

目的探讨新生大鼠单侧基底核出血对远期行为发育的影响。方法将48只出生第10天sD新生大鼠，按随机数字表法分为脑出血（CH）组、假手术（SH）组及正常对照（NC）组。每组各16只。利用立体定位仪向大鼠左侧脑尾状核注入自体血25止，建立脑基底核出血模型；SH组只将微量注射泵针头刺人大鼠左侧尾状核，不注血，其他处理同CH组；NC组不做任何处理，正常饲养。所有大鼠分别于术后第1天、第3天、第7天、第14天采用Bederson评分法测评神经功能。并于术后第14天行开场实验及Lat迷宫大鼠行为学检测，连续测试3d。结果1．造模后大鼠出现不同程度的神经功能损伤，SH组大鼠神经受损症状轻微，且恢复快，在术后72h均完全康复；CH组大鼠出现偏瘫及肌张力改变，Bederson神经功能评分在造模后第1天和第3天分别为（3．40±0．83）分和（1．13±0．92）分，明显高于SH组[（0．73±0．59）分、（0．13±0．35）分]及NC组大鼠（P均〈0．05）；随后Bederson评分逐渐降低，至造模第7天、第14天3组大鼠Bederson评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。2．造模后14d大鼠开场实验及Lat迷宫测验中穿越格子数、直立次数及理毛次数CH组较SH组及NC组明显增多（P均〈0．05）；而SH组与NC组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论发育期大鼠单侧基底核局灶性出血性损伤，具有较强可修复性、可代偿性，多不遗留严重神经运动功能障碍；但可能导致自主活动增多、非选择性注意水平降低等多动、注意缺陷等远期行为异常。

Objective To investigate the effect of unilateral basal ganglia hemorrhage on long - term behavio- ral development of neonatal SD rats. Methods Forty - eight neonatal SD rats （ 10 days after birth） were equally divided into cerebral hemorrhage （CH） group, sham operation （SH） group and normal control （NC） group randomly, 16 cases for each group. Stereotaxic apparatus was used to inject autologous blood 25 μL into rats＇ brain caudate nu- cleus to establish basal ganglia hemorrhage model, while SH group was injected with nothing, and NC group received no treatment. Berderson scoring method was used to test rats＇ neurological functions on the first day, the third day, the seventh day,and the fourteenth day after operation, respectively. The open - field environment test and the Lat maze were used to assess behavior of the rats on the fourteenth day after operation,lasting for 3 days continuously. Results （ 1 ）After being modeled rats appeared with different degrees of neurological function damage. SH group rats＇ neurologi- cal function damage was slight, which was completely restored in the 72 hours after surgery. CH group rats appeared hemiplegia and muscle tension change. CH rats neurological scores＇ on the first and third day after modeling scores were separate （ 3.40 ± 0.83 ） scores and （ 1.13 ± 0.92 ） scores respectively, and the scores were statistically higher than SH group [ （0.73 ±0.59） scores and （0.13 ±0.35） scores]and NC group （all P 〈0.05）. And then Bederson score de- creased, and on the seventh and fourteenth day after modeling, the Bederson scores＇ difference was not statistically sig- nificant among the 3 groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）. （ 2 ） On the fourteenth day after modeling, in open - field test and the Lat maze,the number of passed panels,straightening（times） and grooming（times） in CH group were more than those in SH group and NC group respectively （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. The difference in the number of passed panels, straightening （times） and grooming （ times ） between SH group and NC group was not statistically significant （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Neonatal rats focal hemorrhage in unilateral basal ganglia is strongly repairable and compensatory, which leaves no severe neurological dysfunction. The neurological function damage which is caused by unilateral basal ganglia hemorrhage can lead to the increase of autonomic activities, the decrease of non - selective attention level, attention defi- cit and other long - term behavioral abnormalities.