自然积污绝缘子污秽分布特性及对表面电流和电场分布的仿真研究

Study on the Characteristic of Natural Pollution Distribution of Insulators and the Surface Current and Electric Field Distribution Simulation

绝缘子的污秽分布对绝缘子的污闪电压具有一定的影响,研究分析了玻璃、瓷及复合三种类型绝缘子在自然积污条件下的污秽分布,所选择的这三种绝缘子均是在输电线路上运行多年的悬垂绝缘子,实验测量了绝缘子不同伞及同一片伞的不同表面的盐密、灰密数据,并将实验结果以表、图的形式进行了处理分析,得到三种类型绝缘子的污秽分布特性。研究表明复合绝缘子积污程度最严重,玻璃绝缘子的积污程度最小,复合绝缘子的最大盐密是玻璃的10倍,瓷的2~3倍,最大灰密是玻璃的6倍,瓷的1~2倍,且三种绝缘子的上表面灰盐比均大于下表面。最后以玻璃绝缘子为研究对象运用ANSYS仿真对其不同盐密分布下的电场、电流密度进行了仿真分析。

The contamination distribution of the insulator has certain impact on insulator＇ s pollution flashover voltage. Contamination distribution of glass, porcelain and composite insulator under the circumstance of natural pollution are discussed in this paper. Those insulators have been vertically hanged on transmission line for many years. Salinity and ash density of different insulators＇ umbrella and different surfaces of one umbrella are measured and the results are demonstrated with tables and graphs. And then characteristics of contamination distribution of these three kinds of insulators can be concluded. The results show that the pollution degree of composite insulator is the highest and that of glass regulator is the lowest. Furthermore, the maximum salinity of composite insulator is ten times of glass ＇ and two to three times of porcelain＇ s, and the maximum ash density of composite insulator is six times of glass＇ and one to two times of porcelain＇ s. In addition, those insulators＇ top surfaces ＇ ash-salt ratio are higher than that of bottom surface. Finally, by applying ANSYS, the author of this paper used glass insulator as the study object and made simulation analysis of electric field and current density under circumstances of various salinities.