基于损益表视角下的公允价值会计顺周期效应研究

Research of Accounting Pro-Cyclical Effect Based on the Income Statement from the Perspective of Fair Value

2008年全球金融体系经历狂风骤雨危机,对这场金融风暴前因后果的讨论持续数年,公允价值会计处于风暴中心被认为放大了损益表的盈余波动并具有顺周期效应。本文通过从实际银行样本中抽取的"四大国行"2008-2010年度损益表,比较公允价值会计在正常和极端二种经济条件下的商业周期中对银行损益表的影响,甄别产生公允价值会计顺周期效应的方式,便于准确评估公允价值会计对银行损益造成的影响,为银行监督者和高管层提供科学量化的见解。研究结果揭示:损益表的波动受市场环境的影响反映经济体自身波动,不一定具有顺周期性,公允价值会计并非必然导致顺周期效应。

Since 2008, the global financial system had gone through stormy crisis, the discussion of causes and effects of the financial storm last several years, the fair value accounting in the storm center is believed to enlarge the profit and loss statement and has the pro-cyclical effect of surplus fluctuations. Based on the samples extracted from the actual bank of ＂the four stated-owed banks＂ 2008-2010 annual profit and loss statement, being contrast more normal and extreme economic business cycle under the condition of fair value accounting in the business cycle impact on the banks of the income statement. To identify a pro-cyclical effect on fair value accounting approach, in order to better assess the fair value accounting the effects on the bank profit and loss, for bank supervisors and senior management to provide a scientific quantitative point of view. In this paper, the results reveal that the p＆l of fluctuations is influenced by market conditions and reflect the economy fluctuation and itself does not necessarily has the pro-cyclical effect, fair-value accounting does not necessarily lead to the pro-cyclical effect.