试析城市社区物业管理中的业主维权运动及其治理——基于社会建构论的视角

Analysis of Homeowners' Rights-defending Action and Urban Community Governance in China: from the Perspective of Social Construction

迅猛推进的城市化进程和住房商品化改革在重塑城市物理空间布局的同时,也深刻影响着城市社区的权力格局和基层社会的治理模式,城市社区业主维权运动成为现阶段社会转型在社区层面的结构性产物,也是推动城市社区物业管理良性发展亟需破解的突出问题。社会建构是缓解业主维权冲突的一种合作治理方式,通过不同治理主体在持续的交往与互动建构起冲突治理的可行方案。在社会力量相对薄弱的现时背景下,由社会建构衍生而来的社会设计模式在解决社区维权冲突问题时仍有其治理限度,需要经历一个政府从"为社区做"到"与社区做"再到"由社区做"的演进过程。物业管理中业主维权运动治理的社会建构离不开业主的有效参与,需要不断增强社区居民的参与能力以优化社区治理的主体重构,推动业主维权运动从私产维权走向社区自治的有效参与,进而推动城市社区物业管理走向自治。

Recently, the rapid progress of urbanization and housing commercialization reform have reshaped the layout of urban space, as well as the power structure and governance pattern of urban communities. Urban community homeowners＇ rights - defending action has become an outcome of social transformation at this stage. Due to the constant communication and interaction among different governance subjects, social construction pattern has become a cooperative governance method to alleviate this conflict. However, as the social forces are relative weak in China, this pattern still has several limits. The evolution process of this pattern need to transform the government＇s role from ＂do for the community＂ to ＂do with the community＂ and then to ＂do by the community＂. The success of social construction pattern is inseparable from the effective participation of homeowners, therefore,we need to continuously enhance the participate ability of community residents to optimize the structure of community governance. And we also need to promote homeowners＇rights - defending action to transform from the protection of private rights to the effective participation of community autonomy.