病理性近视患者焦虑和抑郁状况调查及相关因素分析

Survey on mental health in pathological myopia patients and analysis of its related factors

目的评估病理性近视患者的心理健康状况及相关影响因素的分析。方法应用Zung编制的焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS),对115例门诊病理性近视患者进行焦虑和抑郁评估,分析影响病理性近视患者焦虑和抑郁相关因素。结果病理性近视患者SAS与SDS评分均高于全国常模(P<0.01),其中诊断焦虑者25例(21.70%),抑郁者28例(24.30%),合并焦虑和抑郁情绪者19例(16.52%);通过多因素逐步回归分析发现,视力损伤(SAS、SDS评分均P<0.01)和低收入水平(SAS评分P=0.034,SDS评分P=0.045)是影响病理性近视患者焦虑和抑郁的主要因素。结论病理性近视患者广泛存在焦虑和抑郁情绪,与视力损伤以及收入水平相关联,社会及医务工作者应予以高度重视。

Objective To evaluate the mental health in patients with pathological myopia （PM） and analyze its related factors. Methods The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） were used to access the depressions and anxiety disorders in 115 PM patients. Further analyses on related fac- tors influencing the mental health of PM were also performed. Results SDS and SAS scores in PM patients were higher than those in general populations. Among the 115 PM patients, 21.70% were diagnosed with anxi- ety, 24.30% with depression disorders, and 16.52% with both anxiety and depression disorders. The anxiety and depression disorders in PM patients were attributed to vision impairment （P 〈 0.001, P 〈 0.001） as well as low income （P=0.034, P=0.045） according to the multivariate stepwise regression analyses. Conclusion The anxiety and depression disorder from vision impairment as well as low income, prevalently arise in PM pa- tients who call for special attentions and cares from the society and medical workers.