胡麻种质资源数量性状的多元统计分析

Multiple statistics of oil flax germplasm quantitative traits

为育种提供遗传多样性和亲缘关系信息,对341份胡麻种质资源的11个数量性状进行多元统计分析。结果表明,各数量性状遗传多样性指数均较大,变幅2.000-2.069;性状间的变异系数不同,有效分茎的变异最大,为42.51%,成熟日数的变异系数最小,为4.18%。性状相关性分析发现,19对性状间呈极显著正相关,16对性状间呈极显著负相关,3对性状呈正相关,2对性状呈负相关。主成分分析将11个数量性状简化为彼此互不相关的4个主成分,即千粒重因子、单株有效果因子、主茎分枝因子和开花日数因子,提供的信息量占全部信息量的76.48%。聚类分析可将341份种质划分为5大类群,其中第Ⅰ和Ⅲ类群的种质产量和综合性状好,这两类品种的特点是单株粒重大,分茎、分枝、有效果和每果着粒多。

For more knowledge on genetic diversity flax germplasm, 11 quantitative traits of 341 flax germplasm resources were investigated by multiple statistics analysis. Results showed that genetic diversity index ranged from 2.000 to 2.069. Diversity of different traits varied. The variation coefficient of stems per plant was the highest （42.51%）, and that of mature days was the lowest （4.18%）. Among the paired traits, 19 had highly significantly positive correlation, 16 had highly significantly negative correlation, 3 had positive correlation and 2 had negative correlation. Results showed that the 11 characteristics could be simply clarified into 4 independent principal components, including thousand-seed weight, effective fruits per plant, flowering days and main stem branching factors providing 76.48% of all information. By using these 4 principal component factors of system clustering, 341 flax germplasm were divided into 5 groups. Among them the group Ⅰ and Ⅲ had better synthetical properties, with more stems per plant, more branches per main stem, more fruits per plant, more seeds per fruit and greater grain weight per plant.