不同磷素籽粒生产效率类型油菜的物质生产及农艺性状

Agronomic characteristics of rapeseed( Brassica napus L.) in different phosphorus use efficiency for grain production

为筛选磷高效油菜品种,分析了不同油菜品种磷素籽粒生产效率(PUEg)。采用大田试验,以甘蓝型常规油菜品种(系)(2006-2007年度73个品种,2007-2008年度98个品种,并在2007-2008年度设置不施氮肥和150kg/hm2纯氮两个氮肥处理)为材料,通过测定成熟期植株农艺性状、各器官干物重和磷素含量,采用组内最小平方和动态聚类方法对品种的PUEg进行聚类(分为A、B、C、D和E五类),研究了不同PUEg类型油菜的干物质积累分配特征和农艺性状差异。结果表明:(1)PUEg与茎枝和果壳重相关不显著,但与籽粒重相关极显著。PUEg与茎枝干重占全株干重的分配比例呈负相关,与籽粒重占总干重的比例呈极显著正相关。(2)一次分枝数、角果数和总籽粒数与PUEg相关性较大,可以作为筛选高PUEg油菜品种的初步指标。(3)多元逐步回归分析表明,籽粒重对PUEg的正向作用最大,茎枝重通过籽粒重而间接影响PUEg。角果数、每角粒数和千粒重对PUEg均有正向作用,同时影响作用相互削弱,其中角果数对PUEg影响最大。

To select high-efficient lines of rapeseed （Brassica napus L.）, PUEg （phosphorus grain production efficiency） was measured. 73 varieties （in 2006-2007） and 98 varieties （in 2007-2008） were used as materials. Two nitrogen levels were set as 150kg/hm^2 N and no N. Field experiments were conducted to determine the agronomic traits, dry weight and phosphorus content of different organs. The above varieties were classified into 5 types （A, B, C, D and E） based on PUEg by by using MinSSw method. Agronomic characteristics, phosphorus accumulation and distribution of different types were studied. Results showed that： （1） PUEg was not significantly correlated with stem and shell weight, but was significantly correlated with grain weight. PUEg had negative correlation with the distribution rate of stem-and-branch weight to whole plant dry weight, and had positive correlation with the distribution rate of grain weight to whole plant dry weight. （2） PUEg had strong correlation with primary branch number and pod number. The latter two traits could be used as a preliminary screening for high PUEg rapeseed lines. （3） Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the positive effect of grain weight on PUEg was the greatest. Stem-and-branch weight indirectly affected PUEg. Pod number, seed per pod and grain weight positively affected PUEg. Among them, Pod number had the greatest impact on PUEg.