商榷性评课话语的困境剖析与修辞突围

An Analysis of the Dilemma of Consultative Mentoring Discourse and Its Rhetorical Solutions

本研究基于近10万字的评课实录语料,探讨商榷性评课话语的困境、成因及其突围途径。研究发现:1)对不同级别和规模的公开课评课话语商榷性情况的统计分析显示,"商榷性不足或缺失"仍是评课话语的主要问题;2)影响商榷性评课话语量的要素主要有:评课双方关系的亲疏远近、公开课的级别和规模以及评课教师的话语修辞素养;3)评课冲突话语的风险规避策略有:虚心尊重常态化、赞美体谅具体化、幽默寄语得体化;4)逆耳忠言的话语修辞策略有:改进方案理据化、尖锐问题和谐化、棘手话题类比化。这些话语策略的得当运用,将有助于突围商榷性评课话语困境,提升评课话语质量和实效。

Based on a mentoring discourse corpus of nearly 100,000 words, this study investigates the di- lemma in the consultative mentoring discourse and its solutions. According to the statistics from demon- stration classes at different levels, insufficiency or deficiency in the consulting process is still the main prob- lem hindering the efficiency of mentoring discourse and the main underlying causes of the dilemma include the relationship between mentors and mentees, the scale of the demonstration classes, and the rhetoric attainment of mentors. In order to avoid conflicts in the mentoring discourse, expressing modesty, re- spect, compliment, consideration, humor and expectation felicitously and humorously always demonstrate successful communicative effects. Moreover, the quality and efficiency of the mentoring discourse is over- all improved if mentors flexibly employ rhetorical strategies, such as justifying proposals for improvement, moderating the acuteness in criticisms about problems and hedging highly sensitive topics.