成都市放射从业人员低剂量电离辐射、BMI与丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平关系的横断面研究

A Cross-sectional Study on Association Between Low-dose Ionizing Radiation,BMI and Alanine Aminotransferase Level Among Chengdu Radiation Workers

目的探讨职业低剂量电离辐射对不同体质指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)从业者丙氨酸氨基转移酶(Alanine aminotransferase,ALT)的影响。方法纳入条件为2014年接受成都市剂量监测及健康体检的711名放射从业者,收集从业者的一般人口学及行为特征、人体测量指标,肝脏功能指标ALT以及年受照剂量。采用χ2检验、t检验及二分类Logistic回归进行分析。结果 ALT异常率在性别、吸烟、饮酒、BMI组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);ALT正常组和异常组的年受照剂量差异无统计学意义(t=0.827,P=0.364);年剂量≥1.261 m Sv与ALT异常无显著相关(OR=1.411,95%CI∶0.961~2.071);BMI≥24 kg/m^2与ALT异常呈明显的正相关(OR=2.106,95%CI∶1.243~3.569),若合并年剂量≥1.261 m Sv暴露,其关联强度是单独暴露于BMI≥24 kg/m^2的约1.4倍(OR=2.933,95%CI:1.661~5.179)。结论在目前的受照剂量下,低剂量(≤4.087 m Sv)电离辐射对从业者ALT可能没有明确的影响,但是,超重或肥胖者可能增加ALT异常的风险,应进一步加强该类从业者的放射防护。

Objective To explore the effects of ionizing radiation on the ALT of radiation workerss with different BMI. Methods A total of 711 radiation occupational exposed persons were enrolled in 2014, who participated in the annual dose monitoring and physical examination in Chengdu city. Their demographic characters and behavioral factors, anthropometric index, annual exposed dose of ionizing radiation, and ALT levels were col- lected. Chi- square, t- test and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results Significant differences in sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, and BMI between the normal group and abnor- mal group were found （P 〈 0. 001 ）. There was no significant difference of annual doses between normal group and abnormal group （t = 0. 827, P = 0. 364）. There was no association between annual dose and ab-normal rates of ALT. BMI 〉24kg/m2 was significantly associated with abnormal rates of ALT （ OR = 2. 106, 95% CI： 1. 243 - 3. 569）. With combination of the an- nual dose 〉 1. 261 mSv exposure, the OR was about 1.4 times that with only exposure to BMI 〉 24 kg/m 2 （OR = 2. 933, 95% （71： 1. 661 - 5. 179）. Conclusion The findings suggest that low - dose ionizing radiationmight not have a certain influence on the ALT of radiation workers. But the overweight or obese radiation workers might be sensitive to ionizing radiation. More attention should be paid to the high BMI workers.