便携式乔木树高测量仪设计

Design of portable measuring instrument for tree height

便携式乔木树高测量仪基于以往林业测量设备的工作原理,采用模块化设计,由位移测量模块、倾角传感器模块、显示模块、键盘输入模块、数据存储模块以及电源模块等组成。通过单片机MSP430与倾角传感器模块进行通信,将检测到的数字信号转化为倾角值,并结合位移测量模块进行模型运算获得待测点的树高值。数据显示模块实时显示测量数据,并将数据保存在存储模块的SD卡中。测量树高时采用了一种全新的算法,因而不需要测量水平距离。选择一颗长势较好的银杏树,对其测量了16次,得到该树高测量仪的相对误差为-3.93%~2.60%,仪器测量精度达到设计要求。该仪器体积较小、携带方便、容易操作并且成本低廉,具有较强的实用性。

Based on the working principle of the past forest measuring instruments,the modular design is adopted,which is composed of displacement measurement module,angle sensor module,display module,keyboard input module,data storage module and power module.Through the communication between the core device microcontroller unit（MCU）MSP430and the tilt sensor module,the detected digital signal is converted to the angle value,and the height of a tree is acquired by the model operation of displacement measurement module.The data display module timely displays the measured data,which is saved in the SD card of the storage module.A complete new method is used for measuring tree height,which does not require the measurement of the horizontal distance.A better growing ginkgo tree is chosen and measured 16 times.The real-time measured relative error by this tree height measuring instrument is-3.93%-2.60%.So the measurement accuracy meets the design requirements.This instrument has the advantages of small volume,being easy to carry about and operate,and low cost,and has stronger practicability.