惠州市常见8种蔬菜中的农药残留及风险评估

Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment of 8 Kinds of Vegetables in Huizhou City

为了解惠州市常见蔬菜中的农药残留情况,采用用气相色谱-质谱法、高效液相色谱-质谱法对常见8种蔬菜进行了农药残留分析,并以菠菜中毒死蜱的急性膳食暴露风险评估为例,对不同食用人群的健康风险进行了评价.结果发现8种蔬菜中均可检出农药残留,菠菜中的农药检出率最高,达到36.67%,以氯菊酯的残留量居多.萝卜、菠菜、苦瓜中均检测出农药残留超标,超标率分别为3.33%、6.67%、3.33%.毒死蜱共检出11次,说明其在蔬菜生产中使用较为普遍.菠菜中毒死蜱的急性膳食风险评估结果表明,1-6岁儿童存在较高的膳食风险,由于城市和农村人口膳食结构和蔬菜食用量不同,毒死蜱的%a PAD存在较大差异.

The study was projected to estimate the pesticide residues in common vegetables in Huizhou City. The pesticide residues in 8 kinds of vegetables were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography mass spec- trometry, and taking the risk assessment of acute dietary exposure of spinach as an example, the health risks of different food popula- tions were evaluated. Resuhs found that all 8 kinds of vegetables were detected pesticide residues, the highest detection rate appeared in spinach up to 36.67%, and cypermethrin and dimethoate residues appeared more. In radish, spinach, bitter gourd, detected pesti- cide residues exceeding rates were 3.33%, 6.67% and 3.33%. Chlorpyrifos were detected up to 11 times, which implied that it was widely used in vegetable production. Acute dietary risk assessment of Cblorpyrifos in spinach showed that children aged 1-6 had higher dietary risk. As the dietary structure and vegetable consumption is different between urban and rural population, a big difference exists in th %aPAD of ehlorpyrifos.