“X人”致使结构及其词汇化

A Study on “X ren”Causative Construction and Its Lexicalization

"X人"致使结构是在古代汉语使动用法的基础上发展而来的一种构式,表示使人产生某种生理或心理感受。进入"X人"结构中的"X"具有非自主性,"人"具有无指性,二者结合紧密,为其词汇化提供了有利条件。"X人"在词汇化过程中,韵律上倾向于重轻式;句法上与形容词谓语或定语的功能相当,并出现了加词尾或重叠等形态现象;语义上既能表达使感意义,也能表达自感意义。

＂X ren （W ）＂ is a causative construction developing from ancient Chinese causative structure, which expresses self-inductance of psychological or physiological reactions. The non-autonomous of ＂X＂ and non-reference of ＂ren＂ compacts the ＂X ren＂ construction into a lexical compounds. On the process of lexicalization, ＂X ren＂ has undergone the ＂heavy-light＂ prosodies, developed similar syntactic functions as predicate adjectives and the morphological means of adding the suffix ＂zi＂ and reduplication, show various semantic meanings including causing, self-experiencing and attribution.