客车空调用平行流蒸发器的试验研究

Experimental study on parallel flow evaporator for bus air-conditioning

平行流换热器以紧凑、高效的特点,已经在乘用车空调领域中得到广泛应用,而客车空调作为客车的主要耗能部件之一,依然使用的是翅片管式换热器。本文将在原有常规客车空调的基础上,设计一套采用平行流蒸发器的空调系统,用于替换原有翅片管式蒸发器,并对系统性能进行对比试验研究。结果表明:采用"F"阀结构的平行流蒸发器系统的制冷量较采用翅片管式蒸发器系统的制冷量降低3%,能效比相当,芯体质量降低32.4%,制冷剂充注量降低18.1%;"F"阀平行流蒸发器系统添加回热器后,系统制冷量及能效比均有所提高;使用"H"阀结构的平行流蒸发器系统的制冷量较原型机降低8.5%,能效比降低1.9%。

The characteristics of the parallel flow heat exchanger are compact and effi- cient, so that it has been widely used in passenger car air-conditioning system. However, as one of the major energy-consuming components, the bus air-conditioning still uses the finned-tube heat exchanger. On the basis of the original regular bus air-conditioning, a set of parallel flow evaporator of the air-conditioning system is designed for replacing the orig- inal finned-tube evaporator, and the comparative experimental study on the system＇s per- formance is carried on. The results show that the cooling capacity of the system using the parallel flow evaporator with ＂F＂ valve is decreased by 3% compared to that using the finned-tube evaporator, their EER is equivalent, the evaporator weight is reduced by 32.4%, and the refrigerant charge is reduced by 18.1%. After adding the regenerator for the parallel flow evaporator with ＂F＂ valve, the system＇s cooling capacity and E, ER are improved. The cooling capacity of the system using the parallel flow evaporator with ＂H＂ valve is decreased by 8.5% compared to the original unit, and the EER is reduced by 1.9%.