瞬时受体电位通道与组织纤维化

Transient receptor potential in tissue fibrosis

瞬时受体电位(TRP)通道是一类由多个成员构成的非选择性离子通道大家族,可分为TRPC、TRPV、TRPM、TRPA、TRPP和TRPML等6个亚家族。TRP通道在不同类型的组织器官中均有表达,包括呼吸道、肺、肾、心、肠道、胃和肝组织等。TRP通道能感应多种刺激,如压力、氧化应激、脂质环境、肥厚性信号和炎症产物等,并通过信息整合,经由Ca2+通道,对细胞的生理功能产生广泛的影响,如细胞收缩、细胞增殖、细胞分化和细胞死亡等。研究表明,TRP通道参与了支气管上皮细胞、心肌细胞、肾组织细胞和肝星形细胞(HSC)等多种细胞的病理学变化,与气道囊性纤维化、心肌纤维化、肾组织纤维化和肝组织纤维化有着密切的联系。本文着重对TRP通道参与多种组织纤维化的相关研究进行综述。

Transient receptor potential（TRP）channels superfamily consists of a large number of nonselective cation channels,which can be grouped into six subfamilies：canonical,vanilloid,melastatin,ankyrin,polycystic and mucolipin TRP channels.The majority of these TRP channels are expressed in different organs including respiratory airway,lung,kidney,heart,intestinal tract,stomach and liver. TRP channels can sense various stimuli including pressure,oxidative stress,lipid environment alterations,hypertrophic signals,and inflammation products. By integrating these stimuli and via Ca2＋entry,TRP channels play main role in regulating cell functions such as contraction,proliferation,differentiation and cell death. TRP channels is involved in the pathophysiology of numerous cellular functions,and connected to cystic fibrosis,cardiac fibrosis,renal fibrosis,and liver fibrosis. This review mainly summarizes the involvement of TRP channels in tissue fibrosis.