美国对华威慑与胁迫及中国应对

US Deterrence and Coercive Diplomacy toward China and China's Response

威慑与胁迫是两种不同的战略,后者比前者更具进攻性。"亚太再平衡"战略是奥巴马政府重要的"外交遗产"。在实施该战略的过程中,在钓鱼岛、南海、网络安全、朝核及伊核等问题上,美国对中国实施了军事威慑及非武力性胁迫。总体看,这些手段尚属轻度强制,与近年美国对俄罗斯、叙利亚、朝鲜和伊朗的严厉经济制裁和外交孤立有显著区别。在中美存在重大分歧的领域,两国的战略回旋余地在缩小。未来如果美国对华加码威慑和胁迫,中国可以更积极有效地应对,但中美构建新型大国关系的难度将增加。

Deterrence and coercion are two different strategies,while the later is a more aggressive approach. The U.S. Asia-Pacific rebalance strategy is one of the most important diplomatic legacies for the Obama Administration.On issues of Diaoyu Islands,South China Sea,cyber security,DPRK and Iran,U. S. carried out military deterrence and non-military coercion against China. Generally speaking,these kinds of strategies were light compulsion,different from harsh economic sanctions and diplomatic isolation imposed on Russia,Syria,DPRK and Iran. China and U.S. lacked the room to maneuver in the future on some significant differences. China could actively respond if US escalates its deterrence and coercion,but it would be difficult for both countries to construct the new model of major country relations.