德国职业教育历史源起与勃兴——以19世纪为考察对象

Study on Historical Origin and Prosperity of Vocational Education in Germany——Take the 19th Century as Research Object

德国的双元制职业教育起源可以追溯到传统手工业学徒训练制,传统手工业学徒训练制虽然对职业教育发生过影响,但从德国现代化进程来看,它难以作为职业教育的前身,德国职业教育与德国现代化进程息息相关。厘清德国职业教育起源必须从现代化进程的多方面来考察,要看到职业教育在法律政策、经济规模、职业教育哲学以及实践上的现代化,这些要素才是德国职业教育勃兴的关键。

The origin of the dual system of German vocational education can be traced back to the traditional handicraft apprenticeship system,although the traditional handicraft apprenticeship impacted the vocational education system,from view of German modernization process,it is difficult to be as predecessor of vocational education,for Germany＇s vocational education and Germany＇s modernization process are closely related. Therefore,in order to clarify the origin of German Vocational Education we must examine many aspects of the modernization process,and see closely the modernization of vocational education concerning the legal policy,the economic scale,the vocational education philosophy and its actual practice,these factors are key to prosperity of the vocational education in Germany.