美国K-12阶段技术教育发展趋势与启示

Trends in Technology Education in American K-12:Lessons for China

美国是技术和技术教育发达的国家。进入21世纪,为应对新的社会、经济问题,技术教育出现了新的发展趋势:把技术教育培养目标转向培养学生的技术素养,建构具有技术素养的社会;把工程学及工程设计内容整合进K-12技术教育课程框架,形成多种整合的技术和工程教育课程,如"准工程学"课程模式和"项目引路"课程模式以及"以问题为基础"的教学方法的采用等。我国基础教育阶段的技术教育发展与改革可从中获取颇多启示。

The United States is a developed country in technology and technology education. In the 21st. century, in response to the new social and economic problems, there are some new trends and issues in technology education：establishing the technology literacy as the technology educational goal, so as to build a technologically literate society;integrating the engineering and engineering design into K-12 curriculum framework, forming a variety of integrated technology engineering education courses, such as ＂pre-engineering＂ curriculum and ＂project-based＂ curriculum;and adopting ＂issue-based＂ teaching strategies. By looking at American technology education development trends and issues, we can get some useful inspirations for the technology educational reform in China.