武汉市婴幼儿缺铁性贫血与抚养人铁营养KAP的关系

The relationship between the infants′ Iron-deficiency anemia and the dependents′ KAP of Iron nutrition in Wuhan

目的了解婴幼儿缺铁性贫血状况及其与抚养人铁营养知识、态度、行为之间的关系,为防治婴幼儿缺铁性贫血提供理论依据。方法抽取在武汉市儿保门诊进行规范化健康体检的910名6~36月龄婴幼儿进行血红蛋白检测并对其抚养人进行铁营养知信行(KAP)问卷调查。结果武汉市婴幼儿贫血患病率26.6%。各年龄患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),抚养人铁营养KAP得分随其文化程度升高而升高,随家庭收入水平升高而升高,婴幼儿缺铁性贫血患病率随抚养人文化程度升高而递减,随家庭收入水平升高而递减。抚养人营养知识(K)平均分为(11.96±3.77)分,态度(A)平均分为(7.09±2.80)分,喂养行为(P)平均分为(18.05±3.60)分。抚养人的铁喂养知识、态度和行为之间存在正相关关系。结论应开展多层面的铁营养知识专项宣传,提高对抚养人铁营养的认知水平,降低婴幼儿缺铁性贫血患病率。

Objective To understand the relationship between the infants＇ iron-deficiency anemia and the dependents＇ KAP （knowledge, attitude, practice） of iron nutrition, and to provide a theoretical support for the prevention and cure of the infantsr ironeficiency anemia. Methods A total of 960 infants,aging from 6 months to 36 months,were randomly chosen as samples at the child care clinics in Wuhan while they were doing their routine health check-up there. Their hemoglobin was examined. Their dependents were asked to fill in questionnaires about KAP of iron nutrition. Results The ratio of anemia in infants in Wuhan is 26.6 %. The ratio difference of different age groups has statistical significance（P〈0.05）. The dependents＇ KAP of iron nutrition is in direct proportion to their educational level and family income. The ratio of anemia in infants is in inverse proportion to their dependents＇ educational level and family income. The dependents＇ knowledge,attitude and practice of iron-intake were positively related. The average score of guardian nutrition knowledge（K） was （11.96±3.77）points,the average score of attitude（A） was （7.09±2.80）points while the average score of feeding practice（P） was （18.05±3.60）points. Conclusion Much publicity should be given to the knowledge of iron nutrition and it should be conducted from various perspectives, in order to improve the cognitive level of the dependents＇ knowledge of iron nutrition and to lower the ratio of anemia in infants.