定安县慢性病现状及危险因素分析

Nvestigation and Analysis of Ding'an County Status and Risk Factors of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases

目的掌握定安县慢性非传染性疾病流行现状、变化趋势和主要危险因素,为科学制定和评价慢病预防控制策略和措施提供参考依据。方法按照多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取4个乡镇,12个村委会,600名18岁及以上常住居民进行慢病危险因素问卷,并进行身体测量和生化指标等信息的收集。结果定安县慢性病患病率依次为高血压21.17%、高胆固醇血症12.00%、糖尿病7.50%、慢性阻塞性肺病2.17%、哮喘病0.83%、心血管疾病0.50%、脑卒中和恶性肿瘤均为0.33%。吸烟、饮酒、缺乏休闲性锻炼和高血脂是定安县居民慢性病发生的主要危险因素。结论定安县18岁以上居民高胆固醇血症患病率要远比国家监测的水平高,饮酒、吸烟及其被动吸烟情况相对比较严重,且休闲性身体锻炼较少,存在不少不良生活习惯;因此,加强居民慢病筛查和干预工作,进一步加强慢病综合示范区创建工作非常必要。

Objective To analysis the epidemic status, development tendency and the main risk factors of chronic non- incommunicable diseases in the county and to provide references for setting out and evaluating prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods By the multi-stage cluster and simple randomization method, 600 residents above age 18 years from 12 village committees and 4 townships were required. All of them were investigated by the risk fac- tors of chronic non-infectious disease questionnaire, the physical and biochemical index were also tested. Results The incidence of hypertension in the county is 21.17 %, the incidence of hypercholesterolemia is 12.00 %, and the inci- dence of diabetes was 7.50 %, the incidence of chronic and obstructive pulmonary disease is 2.17 %, the incidence of asthma was 0.83 %, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is 0.50 %, and the incidence of stroke and cancer was 0.33 %. Smoke, drink, physical exercise lack and hyperlipidemia contribute most to these diseases. Conclusion The incidence level of hypercholesterolemia in residents above age 18 years in the county is much higher than the level of our county＇s. High rate of drinking .smoking .passive smoking and lack of physical exercise lack and other bad living habits exist, it＇ s essential to enhance chronic disease screening and intervention and develop chronic disease compre- hensive demonstration zones further.