启蒙的生意——晚明商业出版与启蒙思潮的兴起和传播

Enlightenment Business——The Commercial Press and the Rise and Spread of Enlightenment in the Late Ming Dynasty

自五四新文化运动以来,关于晚明启蒙思潮的争论就一直存在,但到目前为止,相关研究成果大都集中在晚明启蒙思潮的性质、内容和价值等方面,而且无论是"晚明启蒙思潮"的肯定论者还是否定论者,大都自觉或不自觉地以西方历史作为参照系。而本文则在辨析"启蒙"概念的基础上,以晚明商业出版为切入点,探讨了启蒙思潮如何形成的问题,认为商业出版改变了文化传播模式,打破了主流意识形态的垄断地位;在商业利润的驱使下,启蒙成为出版商的生意;晚明商业出版促进了启蒙思想的广泛传播,成为启蒙思潮的催生婆。

Since the May 4th Movement in 1919, debates on the enlightenment in the late Ming dynasty has existed, but so far researches focus on the nature, content and value and put Western history as refer- ence system. This paper studies the concept of enlightenment and focuses on the commercial press in the late Ming dynasty to explore the birth of enlightenment. In conclusion, the commercial press changes the mode of cultural dissemination and breaks the monopoly of mainstream ideology. Driven by profits, enlightenment becomes a publisher＇s business, thus promoting the wide spread of enlightenment.