中国城乡发展一体化区域差异分析

Analysis on the Regional Differences of Urban- Rural Integration in China

城乡发展一体化是发展中国家经济结构高级化阶段的必然要求,是经济增长的重要引擎。本文从城乡空间结构、城乡经济结构、城乡基础设施、城乡公共服务和城乡生态环境等五个维度设计了城乡发展一体化指标体系,测算了中国28个省、市、自治区城乡发展一体化指数,进而刻画中国城乡发展一体化的空间分布状况,并对城乡发展一体化区域差异的成因作了进一步的分解和分析。结果发现,中国城乡发展一体化水平从东到西呈现出由高到低的区域空间分布态势,其中城乡经济结构一体化权重最大为0.783,是城乡发展一体化最重要的贡献因素;城乡空间结构一体化、城乡公共服务一体化、城乡基础设施一体化和城乡生态环境一体化的权重分别为0.357、0.328、0.272、0.121,上述因素尤其是城乡生态环境一体化是未来促使中国城乡发展一体化水平提升的重要环节。中国城乡发展一体化区域差异呈收敛的趋势,三大区域间差异和东部地区内部差异的贡献率分别达到42.76%、56.30%,是导致中国城乡发展一体化省际分异的重要原因。

The integration of urban and rural development is an inevitable requirement of the advanced stage of the economic structure of developing countries, and it is an important engine of economic growth. From the 5 dimensions of urban and rural spatial structure, urban and rural economic structure, urban and rural infrastructure, urban and rural public services and urban and rural ecological environment, this paper designs the integration of urban and rural development index system, calculates the integration index of urban and rural development for 28 provinces inChina, describes the spatial distribution of integration of urban and rural development, decomposes and analyzes the causes of regional differences in the integration of urban and rural development. It founds that the level of integration of urban and rural development in China from the east to the West showing a trend of regional spatial distribution from high to low. The inte- gration of urban and rural economic structure is 0. 783, whichis the most important contribution to the de- velopment of urban and rural integration. The weight of the integration of urban and rural spatial struc- ture, the integration of urban and rural public service, the integration of urban and rural infrastructure and the integration of urban and rural ecological environment is 0.357, 0. 328, 0. 272 and 0. 121. The a- bove factors, especially the integration of urban and rural ecological environment is an important link to promote the integration of urban and rural development in the future. The trend of regional disparity of ur- ban and rural development in China is convergent. The contribution rate of the difference between the three regions and the eastern region reaches to 42.76%, 56.30%, respectively, which is an important reason for the integration of urban and rural development in China.