军事权衡与经济考量:甲午战后日本对山东的调查与凯觎——兼论一战爆发后日本为何急于占领山东

Military and Economic Considerations: Japan's Investigation and Covet of Shandong Province after the Sino- Japanese War in 1894——Reasons for Japanese Invasion of Shandong after the First World War

日本对华的侵略构想始于何时,一直是中外史学界存在争议的问题。目前学术界的一个共识是,日本之所以急于参加一战,除其内外交困的政治背景以外,"扩大在华权益"是一个重要考量。这一认识虽然或许反映了当时日本对华政策中的核心目标,但同时也忽略了一战爆发前即已在山东开展活动的事实。由此而言,在探讨日本侵略山东问题时,还应追溯甲午以后日本国内包括外务省及军部双方对山东的考察及其与德、英、美等列强的利益之争。占领中国山东,从来就是一场日本蓄谋已久的侵略行动。

When Japan wanted to invade China remains disputed, but it is agreed that one of the impor- tant reasons why Japan was eager to take part in the First World War is to expand its interests in China besides diplomatic and political considerations. However, this view ignores what Japan did before the First World War, so when it comes to this problem, it should trace Japan＇s investigation in Shandong Province after the Sino -Japanese War in 1894 as well as its interests with Germany, Britain, America and other powers. In conclusion, occupying Shandong Province is an invasion plotted by Japan for a long time.